Corporate travel glossary
Short definitions of the terms used in corporate travel management and agency operations. Each term page includes examples and how the portal handles it.
A
- Approval delegation
- A delegate approver is a person authorised, for a date range set by the main approver, to approve or reject travel requests in their place; the decisions they make are marked as made by a delegate in the approval history.
- Approval escalation
- Approval escalation moves a request that was not decided in time to an upper level or an authorised manager, or rejects it under a rule set in the workflow; it is defined together with a time limit for each level.
- Approval workflow
- An approval workflow defines which approvers a business trip request goes through, in what order (sequential or parallel) and under which conditions (amount band, time limit, escalation), based on the company travel policy.
B
- B2B2E (business-to-business-to-employee)
- B2B2E (business-to-business-to-employee) is a model in which a business agrees with a company and serves that company's employees. In corporate travel the agency contracts with the company and employees book through the portal.
- Billing profile
- A billing profile is a saved record, chosen at booking, that keeps together the details of the legal entity a travel invoice is issued to: name, tax number, tax office, address, invoice email and e-invoice or e-archive type.
- Branded fares
- Branded fares are named airline fare packages that bundle rights such as baggage allowance and refund and change rules. Seats, extra baggage and meals outside the package are added separately as extra services.
- Budget commitment
- A budget commitment reserves the amount of a travel request that is in approval but not yet purchased and deducts it from the remaining budget; it is released on rejection, expiry or cancellation and becomes actual spend on purchase.
C
- Corporate airline code
- A corporate airline code identifies a company's airline agreement in a flight search. In Kurumsal.pro a company-specific THY corporate code is added to flight searches, and branches inherit the parent company's code.
- Cost center
- A cost center is an organisational unit where expenses are collected, tracked and assigned to a responsible person in management accounting; it is not expected to earn revenue and is not always the same as a department.
E
- e-invoice and e-archive invoice (Turkey)
- In Turkey an e-invoice is an electronic invoice sent between taxpayers registered in the GİB e-Invoice application through the GİB platform; an e-archive invoice is an invoice issued electronically to buyers not registered in that application.
G
- GDS (global distribution system)
- A GDS (Global Distribution System) is a worldwide distribution infrastructure that gathers airline content in one intermediary system, where agencies query it in a common format and turn it into bookings. Amadeus, Sabre and Travelport are the main examples.
M
- Markup (hidden markup)
- Markup is the margin an agency adds on top of the net cost. Hidden markup is built into the price and does not appear as a separate line on documents, which is what sets it apart from a service fee.
N
- NDC (New Distribution Capability)
- NDC (New Distribution Capability) is IATA's XML-based airline data standard built on offer and order management. It lets an airline pass its fare packages and extra services to agencies directly, in its own definition.
O
- On-request booking (sor-sat)
- On-request booking (sor-sat in Turkish) is a reservation type in which availability is confirmed by the hotel or supplier after the request. The booking is final only if the supplier accepts; with instant confirmation it is final immediately.
- Out-of-policy booking
- An out-of-policy booking is a business trip choice that breaks a rule in the company travel policy (price cap, cabin, hotel star level, advance purchase, banned airline, high-risk country) and is therefore treated as non-compliant.
P
- Per diem (harcırah)
- Per diem (harcırah in Turkey) is a payment to a person travelling on duty for travel costs, a daily allowance, family costs and relocation costs. Law No. 6245 applies in the public sector. Kurumsal.pro does not calculate per diem.
- PNR (passenger name record)
- A PNR (Passenger Name Record) is the record of a flight reservation in the airline system or a GDS. It holds the passenger name, flight segments, contact details and ticketing time limit, and is retrieved with a short booking reference.
- Prepaid company wallet
- A prepaid company wallet is a balance an agency holds for a corporate client, loaded in advance and debited by travel purchases; distribution, sale, refund and recall movements are tracked in an unchangeable ledger.
- Price tolerance and repricing
- Price tolerance is the percentage increase accepted without a new approval when an approved trip request is repriced at purchase; if the increase exceeds it, the request returns for approval at the new price.
S
- Service fee
- A service fee is the charge an agency adds to the supplier price when selling a travel service, calculated as a fixed amount or percentage per booking, traveler, ticket or night, and shown as a separate invoice line in the transparent model.
- SSO (single sign-on)
- SSO (Single Sign-On) lets a user sign in once at the company's identity provider and reach many applications without separate passwords. The Kurumsal.pro portal has no SSO sign-in.
T
- Ticketing time limit
- A ticketing time limit (TTL, also called option or hold time) is the last moment a flight or hotel booking can be held without payment or ticket issue; when it expires the booking is usually cancelled automatically.
- Traveler locator report
- A traveler locator report lists, from confirmed bookings, the employees currently travelling, their city, accommodation and return date. It does not use device location or GPS tracking.
- Two-factor authentication (2FA)
- Two-factor authentication (2FA) is a security method that asks for a second proof besides the password, most often a short-lived one-time code from an authenticator app. Even if the password is stolen, sign-in fails without the second step.
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